Tuples

Tuple

• Tuples are used to store multiple items in a single variable.
• Tuple is one of 4 built-in data types in Python used to store collections of data, the other 3 are List, Set, and Dictionary, all with different qualities and usage.
• A tuple is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable.
• Tuples are written with round brackets.

# Note : In case of list, we use square

# brackets []. Here we use round brackets ()

t = (10, 20, 30) 

print(t)

print(type(t))

Characteristics of Tuples in Python.

• Like Lists, tuples are ordered and we can access their elements using their index values
• We cannot update items to a tuple once it is created. 
• Tuples cannot be appended or extended.
• We cannot remove items from a tuple once it is created. 

Example

t = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

# tuples are indexed

print(t[1])

print(t[4])

# tuples contain duplicate elements 

t = (1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 3)

print(t)

# updating an element (Note:It will throw as tuple is not changeable)

t[1] = 100

print(t)

Accessing Values in Python Tuples

Tuples in Python provide two ways by which we can access the elements of a tuple.

Python Access Tuple using a Positive Index

Using square brackets we can get the values from tuples in Python.

t = (10, 5, 20)

print("Value in t[0] = ", t[0])

print("Value in t[1] = ", t[1])

print("Value in t[2] = ", t[2])

Access Tuple using Negative Index

In the above methods, we use the positive index to access the value in Python, 

and here we will use the negative index within [].

t = (10, 5, 20)

print("Value in t[-1] = ", t[-1])

print("Value in t[-2] = ", t[-2])

print("Value in t[-3] = ", t[-3])

Different Operations Related to Tuples: 

Traversing Items of Python Tuples

Like List Traversal, we can traverse through a tuple using for loop.

# Define a tuple

t = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

# Traverse through each item in the tuple

for x in t:

    print(x, end=" ")

Concatenation of Python Tuples

To Concatenation of Python Tuples, we will use plus operators(+).

# Code for concatenating 2 tuples

t1 = (0, 1, 2, 3)

t2 = ('python', 'Great')

# Concatenating above two

print(t1 + t2)

Nesting of Python Tuples

A nested tuple in Python means a tuple inside another tuple.

# Code for creating nested tuples

t1 = (0, 1, 2, 3)

t2 = ('python', 'is Boss')

t3 = (t1, t2)

print(t3)

Repetition Python Tuples

We can create a tuple of multiple same elements from a single element in that tuple.

# Code to create a tuple with repetition

t = ('python',)*3

print(t)

Slicing Tuples in Python

Slicing a Python tuple means dividing a tuple into small tuples using the indexing method. In this example, we slice the tuple from index 1 to the last element. In the second print statement, we printed the tuple using reverse indexing. And in the third print statement, we printed the elements from index 2 to 4.

# code to test slicing

t = (0 ,1, 2, 3)

print(t[1:])

print(t[::-1])

print(t[2:4])

Note: In Python slicing, the end index provided is not included.

Deleting a Tuple in Python

In this example, we are deleting a tuple using ‘del’ keyword. The output will be in the form of error because after deleting the tuple, it will give a NameError.

Note: Remove individual tuple elements is not possible, but we can delete the whole Tuple using Del keyword.

# Code for deleting a tuple

t = ( 0, 1)

del t

print(t)

Finding the Length of a Python Tuple

To find the length of a tuple, we can use Python’s len() function and pass the tuple as the parameter.

# Code for printing the length of a tuple

t = ('python', 'geek')

print(len(t))

Multiple Data Types With Tuple

Tuples in Python are heterogeneous in nature. This means tuples support elements with multiple datatypes.

# tuple with different datatypes

t = ("immutable", True, 23)

print(t)

Converting a List to a Tuple

We can convert a list in Python to a tuple by using the tuple() constructor and passing the list as its parameters.

# Code for converting a list and a string into a tuple

a = [0, 1, 2]

t = tuple(a)

print(t)

Tuples take a single parameter which may be a list, string, set, or even a dictionary(only keys are taken as elements), and converts them to a tuple.

Tuples in a Loop

We can also create a tuple with a single element in it using loops.

# python code for creating tuples in a loop

t = ('gfg',)

# Number of time loop runs

n = 5 

for i in range(int(n)):

    t = (t,)

    print(t)

Different Ways of Creating a Tuple

·        Using round brackets

·        Without Brackets

·        Tuple Constructor

·        Empty Tuple

·        Single Element Tuple

·        Using Tuple Packing

Using Round Brackets

t = ("gfg", "Python") 

print(t)

Output

('gfg', 'Python')

Using Comma Separated

# Creating a tuple without brackets

t = 4, 5, 6

print(t)  # Output: (4, 5, 6)

Output

(4, 5, 6)

Using Tuple Constructor

# Creating a tuple using the tuple() constructor

t = tuple([7, 8, 9])

print(t)  # Output: (7, 8, 9)

Output

(7, 8, 9)

Creating an Empty Tuple

# Creating an empty tuple

t = ()

print(t)  # Output: ()

Output

()

Single Element Tuple

# Creating a single-element tuple

t = (10, ) # Comma is important here

print(t)  # Output: (10,)

print(type(t))

# What if we do not use comma

t = (10) # This an integer (not a tuple)

print(t)  

print(type(t))

Output

(10,)

<class 'tuple'>

10

<class 'int'>

Tuple Packing

# Tuple packing

a, b, c = 11, 12, 13

t = (a, b, c)

print(t)  # Output: (11, 12, 13)

Output

(11, 12, 13)